BIUJBAS 11(1)1
LIMNOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION OF A FRESHWATER IMPOUNDMENT – IKPOBA RESERVOIR – IN BENIN CITY, EDO STATE
TENUMAH J. AND AKOMA O. C.
ABSTRACT
The water quality assessment of the Ikpoba Reservoir was carried out between April and August, 2012. Water samples were collected for physical and chemical analysis coupled with phytoplankton collection by towing a 55µm mesh size plankton net, and periphyton were obtained from submerged aquatic macrophytes, after which they were preserved with 4% formalin. The Ikpoba Reservoir is oligotrophic and acidic to neutral (6.0 – 7.27) in pH. From the physico – chemical parameters analyzed, it can be inferred that the Ikpoba Reservoir is fit for domestic and other human uses. The phytoplankton/periphyton flora of the Ikpoba Reservoir consisted of 27 taxa belonging to 3 divisions, 5 orders, 11 families and 11 genera.
Chlorophyta accounted for 77.8% (mostly dominated by desmids) followed by Bacillariophyta 18.5% and Euglenophyta 3.7%. Station 2 had the highest species composition, followed by station 3. The divisions, Cyanophyta and Rhodophyta were not represented during the study period.
BIUJBAS 11(1)2
DEVELOPMENT OF A SUSTAINABLE REVENUE GENERATION REAL ESTATE THROUGH AQUA GUT TECHNOLOGY IN THE PRESENT-DAY NIGERIA
EWAH F., ALUFAR P. T and IYOHA E.
ABSTRACT
Aqua Gut technology is a type of chemical composition used in nursing catfish to maturity. It is enhanced by aqua feed supplement; this could coexist in Real Estate investment outfit. Due to challenges faces by real and estate owner in creating fish pond in their leaving locations to support their personal job as result of current economic realities in Nigeria. There is need for individuals to create fish ponds in their living areas. This creates a sustainable additional revenue generation to a would-be Real Estate Investor and residents. The aqua bio gut is a natural ingredient with varying colour and consistency which does not affect product performance with regular management and control. The aqua gut technology is catfish management system in which a fish pond is constructed, in a residential property that is income producing with less power and water requirement.
BIUJBAS 11(1)3
MACHINE LEARNING APPROACH TO EVALUATE AND ENHANCE THE TEACHING AND LEARNING IN SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING AND MATHEMATICS (STEM) EDUCATION
OMOREGBE J., IHAMA E.I. AND OMORODION W.
ABSTRACT
The role of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) in the development of any nation is very vital. these areas are important in international and national economic system, and it drives invention and improves the economy and work force improvement in gathering the recent realities. In other to achieve this aim, there is a demand for invention that will improve the economic system of the emerging time, this can only be accomplish through improvement in science and technology. The key rationale behind STEM education is to further critical intelligent skills, this would result in creating a more problem-solving workforce. The globe is tending towards a knowledge-based economic system, hence creating a problem-solvers that will provide solution to the complex difficulty of the future. This paper reviews literature in other to critically address the subject matter. A theoretic investigation of STEM education and machine learning is conducted to explain the link between the both. The central element of this report is the role of machine learning on STEM education, as rightly enacted. The Findings from this study reveals the current changes apparent globally, by and large, it is of the essence to leverage on STEM education in other to enhance any economy.
BIUJBAS 11(1)4
AERO-GEOPHYSICAL ANALYSIS OF STRUCTURES IN NORTHWESTERN NIGERIA
OHIOMA J. O.1 AND OZOBEME A. A.
ABSTRACT
The importance of the exploration of the inland basins in Nigeria cannot be over emphasised. If they are found and used, hydrocarbons will expand the nation’s supply and increase output. All of these will benefit the nation strategically and economically. The Iullemmeden basin is a sizable synclinal basin, of which the Sokoto Sedimentary Basin is the southeast portion. The total magnetic intensity and residual maps were created using the data obtained from the digitization of twenty-nine aeromagnetic maps of the Basin using the visual interpolation method. The residual magnetic map was subjected to an upward continuation filter at 2 km, 3 km, 5 km, 7 km, 10 km, and 15 km. The results obtained from the analysis of the total magnetic intensity map (TMI), regional map, residual map, and upward continuation maps showed that the Sokoto basin is shallower in the south and thicker in the north, which borders the Niger Republic.
BIUJBAS 11(1)5
MONITORING CONCENTRATION LEVELS OF NITROGEN DIOXIDE AND SULFUR DIOXIDE IN AKWA IBOM STATE, SOUTH-SOUTH NIGERIA
AMAECHI C. F., UNUKPO S. J. AND OKODUWA A. K.
ABSTRACT
This study assesses the spatiotemporal variations in tropospheric nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) and sulfur dioxide (SO₂) concentrations in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria, from 2019 to 2024, using remotely sensed data from the Sentinel-5P satellite. The research employed Google Earth Engine for data extraction, ArcGIS for spatial analysis, and SPSS for statistical evaluation. Results indicate that NO₂ levels peaked in 2021, with a mean concentration of 0.0000610 mol/m², followed by a gradual decline through 2024, potentially due to reduced industrial activities and the removal of fuel (premium motor spirit) subsidy in 2023. SO₂ concentrations showed greater variability, with the highest maximum value in 2022 (0.0001084 mol/m²) and the highest mean in 2024 (0.0000200 mol/m²). Spatial analysis revealed persistently higher pollutant levels in commercial and industrial areas such as Uyo, Ikot Ekpene, and oil-producing zones. Statistical analysis using paired sample t-tests showed a highly significant difference in NO₂ concentrations between 2020 to 2021 (p < 0.01) and a significant difference between 2019 to 2024 (p < 0.05). A statistically significant difference in SO2 concentrations was also observed between 2019 to 2024 (p < 0.05). However, no statistically significant differences were found between other consecutive years for NO₂, or for any year-to-year comparisons for SO₂ (p > 0.05).
BIUJBAS 11(1)6
OXIDATIVE STRESS RESPONSES IN Drosophila melanogaster FOLLOWING EXPOSURE TO A COMMONLY USED CULINARY SEASONING
EDENE O. A.1 AND ASENUGA E. R
ABSTRACT
Oxidative stress is a primary driver of cellular damage and various chronic pathologies. This study investigates the impact of Lasor seasoning on oxidative stress biomarkers in Drosophila melanogaster. Adult fruit flies (2–3 weeks old) were exposed for seven days to varying concentrations of the seasoning (0.025 g/mL, 0.05 g/mL, and 0.1 g/mL) incorporated into a standard cornmeal-agar diet, with an untreated group serving as a control. Postexposure analysis focused on key oxidative stress markers (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), reduced glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), and nitric oxide (NO)), were analyzed.
The results demonstrated a reduction in SOD and CAT activities, suggesting an impaired antioxidant defense system. The depletion in GSH levels, accompanied by a marked increase in GST activity (p < 0.05) in the group administered 0.1 g/mL of the commonly used culinary seasoning, is indicative of oxidative stress. Increased H₂O₂ and NO levels also point to oxidative stress and possible inflammatory responses. Unexpectedly, MDA levels were lower in the treatment groups compared to the control, suggesting potential non-interference with lipid peroxidation pathways.
BIUJBAS 11(1)7
INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECTS OF 6-GINGEROL ON OXIDATIVE STRESS AND INFLAMMATION IN RATS MODEL OF CADMIUM-INDUCED SPLENOTOXICITY
MADUAKO I. C.1 AND OSAWE S. O.
ABSTRACT
Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic heavy metal and a significant environmental contaminant that causes splenotoxicity through mechanisms involving oxidative stress and inflammation. 6 Gingerol (6GR), a naturally occurring phenolic compound, exhibits potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. This study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of 6GR against Cd-induced spleen injury in rats. Sixty adult male Wistar rats were randomly allocated into six groups (n = 10 per group): Control, negative control (corn oil), 6GR 100, Cd, 6GR 50 + Cd, and 6GR 100 + Cd. Cadmium and/or 6GR were administered orally for 7 consecutive days. Biochemical markers of oxidative stress (SOD, GSH, CAT, and MDA) and pro-inflammatory indices (NO and MPO) were measured in spleen tissue homogenates. Cadmium exposure significantly decreased splenic antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, GSH, and CAT) and increased MDA, NO levels, and MPO activity. 6GR co-administration dose-dependently ameliorated these pathological alterations, restoring oxidative balance and suppressing inflammation.
BIUJBAS 11(1)8
INTEGRATING PUBLIC AWARENESS CAMPAIGN AND SOCIAL ENTERPRISE MODELS FOR SUSTAINABLE PLASTIC WASTE MANAGEMENT: A CASE STUDY OF UNIVERSITY OF DELTA, AGBOR, NIGERIA
OMORUYI C. I., ASHIBUDIKE O. E., OKOH E., MBAH J. C., ASIKADI I. C., OKPAKO E. A., MORMAH F. O., MBAH P. E. AND CHIEMEKE S. C.
ABSTRACT
Plastic pollution presents a significant global and local environmental challenge. With Nigeria’s growing population, million metric tons of solid waste are generated annually, and only a fraction is collected. Hence, the need for effective waste management, particularly for plastics, is therefore critical. In Delta State, about two hundred tons of plastic wastes are generated daily, contributing to severe gutter and waterway blockages, leading to floods, property loss, and increased incidence of malaria and cholera. University communities, as miniature cities with diverse activities, are significant waste generators and ideal living laboratories for fostering sustainability. However, waste management systems in many Nigerian universities, including the University of Delta (UNIDEL), Agbor, are currently substandard. This study explores the interplay between public awareness campaigns and the emergence of social enterprises in addressing plastic waste menace in University of Delta, Agbor. This paper underscored the importance of a well-designed public awareness initiatives in bolstering community participation and changing behaviours which in turn provides an enabling environment for growth and impact of social enterprises focused on plastic waste collection, recycling and up-cycling.
BIUJBAS 11(1)9
EMERGING DIAGNOSTIC APPROACHES FOR Entamoeba histolytica:
IMPLICATIONS FOR RESOURCE-LIMITED SETTINGS
ANATE P. J., ADEMULEGUN F. G. AND ODUWOLE O. A.
ABSTRACT
Amoebiasis, a serious public health problem in underdeveloped nations, is caused by the infectious protozoan Entamoeba histolytica. Entamoeba histolytica infection ranges from asymptomatic to symptomatic, and even extraintestinal state such as amoebic liver abscess. Accurate diagnosis is pertinent for effective treatment, prevention of complications, and improved surveillance. Literature for this narrative review was sourced from scientific databases and search engines including PubMed, Google Scholar, and African journal online (AJOL). This review evaluates conventional, immunological, and molecular diagnostic methods for the detection of E. histolytica.
BIUJBAS 11(1)10
PHENOTYPIC VIRULENCE SIGNATURES AMONGST SKIN-BORNE STAPHYLOCOCCI ISOLATES CULTURED FROM APPARENTLY HEALTHY UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS IN A TERTIARY INSTITUTION LOCATED IN EKPOMA, EDO STATE.
IGBINOSA N., WEMAMBU E. C. AND OBAYAGBONA O. N.
ABSTRACT
Staphylococcus species are normal commensals of the human skin but can act as opportunistic pathogens due to their possession of virulence factors and antibiotic resistance traits. This study was aimed at determining the virulence signatures and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of Staphylococci species isolated from the skin of apparently healthy students of Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma. Thirty (30) skin swab samples were collected from the forearms of undergraduate students and analyzed using standard microbiological and biochemical techniques. A total of twelve (12) Staphylococcus isolates were recovered, comprising Staphylococcus…